The Creation of Barbie as an American Icon Essay -- Exploratory Essays

The Creation of Barbie as an American IconBarbie, at the age of 41, is nonpareil of the longest living toys in America. Analyzing her beforehand(predicate) history can give a person a look into the societal trends and culture of the late 1950s and early 1960s. There is evidence of fashion innovations in Barbies wardrobe. Also, one can see the perception of females by society, such as what they should look like, how they should act and dress, as rise as what their future goals could be. The following essay follows Barbies history from 1959 to 1963, covering her development, her appeal to children, and her existence as a cultural artifact of the time period.History Barbies launching in 1959In February of 1959, Barbie was first introduced at the American International Toy Fair in New York (Barbie Dolls). Her creators, Ruth and Elliot carriage (co-founders of Mattel) modeled Barbie after the German doll known as Lilli. Lilli began as a cartoon character in a daily newspaper called t he Bild-Zeitung (BillyBoy 19). This character, known for her large breasts and sexy clothing, was created for expectant entertainment a symbol of sex and pornography for the men of Germany (Johnson History). Handler discovered Lilli while shopping in Switzerland and brought the doll home for her lady friend to play with.Ruth was inspired to create an adult doll for little girls. Handler had Jack Ryan, executive of Mattel, purchase the rights for Lilli and negotiate with a company from capital of Japan to create a doll like Lilli. The reason for going overseas was in order to create an inexpensive new doll. American male designers told Handler that it would be impossible to make such a doll (with stylish clothing and accessories) for an affordable price. The new doll had a s... ...Barbies Effects on American Suburban Culture. (6 March 2000)http//www.otal.umd.edu/vg/mssp96/ms07/cult.htmJohnson, Kristi. Evaluation. (7 March 2000)http//www.otal.umd.edu/vg/mssp96/ms07/eval.htmJohnson, Kristi. History. (6 March 2000)http//www.otal.umd.edu/vg/mssp96/ms07/hist.htmKehoe, John. Barbie. Biography 2.12 Dec. 1998. (28 Feb. 2000)http//www.ebsco.comLord, M.G. Forever Barbie. William Morrow and Co. New York, 1994.Origin of Barbie. (6 March 2000)http//www.nondairy.com/People/Raven/Barbie.htmlRiddick, Kristin. Introduction. (6 March 2000)http//www.people.virginia.edu/tsawyer/barbie/barb1.htmlWeiss, Michael. Toys Were Us. (7 March 2000)http//www.discovery.com/stories/history/toys/BARBIE/shoulda.html40 Years with Barbie. (29 Feb. 2000)http//www.barbie.com/40th_Anniv/40Years/1959.asp

The Devil And Tom Walker, by Washington Irving Essay -- The Devil And

The Devil And Tom Walker, by Washington IrvingWashington Irving the author of The Devil and Tom Walker uses the setting of the tarradiddle to convey that things with a good appearance can be deceiving and be putrid on the inside. He also creates the right atmosphere for the story, and gives precise flesh out to the audience so they can predict the topic and how it will develop. In addition, he describes each character in a manner that the readers can gain who they are, their personal characteristics, and the decisions that they might make throughout the development of the story. Moreover, he provides a background for each character in order to understand their actions and their ending.This tall tosh occurs near Boston, Massachusetts that as recorded in history was the place that held the witch hangings in 1692. Moreover he wrote there is a deep inlet, weave several miles into the interior of the country from Charles Bay, and terminating in a thickly wooded swamp or morass. The me ntioned description and information gives an overview that the tale may contain transmundane situations and smuggling or related situations- because it provides the perfect sinister and gloomy environment.As equally important when Irving describes the swamp, where most of the story take place, he gives details such as On one side of this inlet is a beautiful dark grove on the opposite side the land rises abruptly from the amniotic fluid edge into a high ridge He also says It was full of pits...

Josef Stalin :: essays research papers

Josef Stalin was born with the name Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili on December 21st, 1897 in. As a young boy he was nicknamed "Soso". He had a sickly childhood, with disease and poverty taking a toll on his life. He was the only child of his parents that lived past infancy. He had dark hair, yellow eyes, and a ruddy complexion and stood just 5 feet 4 inches. Stalin then went on to serve in the military, but his rise to post came after he ousted Leon Trotsky. Then Stalin began great purges where he would sweep through the people beneath him and kill anyone he suspected was not 100% firm to him. Very few people beneath Stalin stayed there for long. Stalin then started several five-year plans. Soon the USSR was a superpower, and it was because Stalin brought them there. When the German armies attacked the USSR in June 1941, Stalin, after suffering a brief nervous collapse, personally took command of the Soviet armed forces. With the help of a small defense committee (war cabinet), he made all major military, political, and diplomatic decisions throughout the war. He pursued supremacy with increasing skill, determination, and courage, by staying on in the Kremlin when Hitlers armies stood at the gates of Moscow, ordering a fantastic shifting of industrial plants from European Russia to the east, arranging for l sack-lease from the Western powers, selecting more and more first-rate military commanders, and developing increasingly effective military strategy, including the remarkable counteroffensives at Moscow, Stalingrad, and Kursk. He beneath girded the strength and morale of his people by fostering their traditional religious and patriotic sentiments, and conducting adroitly the complicated diplomacy from the Teheran conference to Potsdam. Of course, victory could not have been achieved without the patriotism and fortitude of the Russian people, the quality and skill of the Soviet military professionals, the efforts of the USSRs allies, and the enormous political and military miscalculations of Hitler. In 1945, at the end of the war, there was a general expectation that in the USSR, which had shown itself to be one of the worlds truly great powers, the despotic system of rule and institutional rigidities would disappear or at the least be tempered. Instead, Stalin and his men restored almost completely the pre-war system, molded the occupied countries of eastern Europe in the Stalinist image and placed them under Moscows control, and entirely isolated the whole bloc of Communist nations from the West.

The Style, Technique, and Structure of Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay

The Style, Technique, and Structure of Heart of Darkness The novella Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad is proof that a novel does not have to be desire to have literary merit. Heart of Darkness is quite short, yet intriguing, due to the content of the novel. Much like Shakespeares Hamlet, Heart of Darkness overwhelms the bear witnesser by the power of the story so that one will never feel quite satisfied with their attempts to intellectualize the experience (Adelman 8). Heart of Darkness was written during the time of British imperialism and extreme exploitation of Africans in the Congo. The British were exploiting the Africans in an effort to extract ivory from the primitive jungle. Throughout the novel, Conrad expresses his dislike with the civilized white people exploiting the savage black Africans. Conrad in any case uses several literary devices in his writing to portray and express several messages. The writing style, techniques, structure and themes in Heart of Darknes s all combine to require one of the most renowned, respected and mysterious novels of all time. Conrad wrote an ultimate enigma for readers to interpret and critically analyze for years to come. Conrads excellence in style is rattling controversial some believe that he is a literary genius (Adelman 16), while others criticize him for being limited, pretentious and vague ((Adelman 16). Throughout the novel, Conrad uses ample amounts of descriptive language, vivid imagery, and powerful symbolism. The vague part is that he leaves it up to the reader to interpret his mysterious and unspeakable enigmas. Conrads descriptive language in Heart of Darkness is present from the beginning to the end. With the opening paragraphs d... ...xperience (Adelman 8). Overall, readers must interpret for themselves which meanings Conrad intended or if he intended all the meanings. This deep novel by Joseph Conrad is not easy to read but is valuable knowledge once it is read. Works Cited Adelman, G ary. Heart of Darkness Search for the Unconscious. Boston Twayne Publishers, 1987. Conrad, Joseph. The Heart of Darkness. Ed. Cedric Watts. London Everyman, 1995. Fothergill, Anthony. airfoil Guides to Literature Heart of Darkness. Philadelphia Open University Press, 1989. Glassman, Peter J. Language and Being Joseph Conrad and the Literature of the Personality. New York and London Columbia University Press, 1976. Tindall, W.Y. The Duty of Marlow. In Conrads Heart of Darkness and the Critics. Ed. Bruce Harkness. Belmont, California Wadsworth Publishing Company Inc., 1968.

A Work of Artifice and You Should Have Been a Boy Essay -- Marge Pierc

A Work of Artifice and You Should Have Been a Boy The word potential can be defined as the sum of abilities and capabilities that are possessed by, and specific to an individual being. In regards to humans we could say that it is all that a person can be and accomplish if back up and allowed the immunity to do so. Fulfill manpowert of potential is curtailed in both the females in A Work of Artifice, by Marge Piercy and the female in You Should Have Been a Boy, by Elizabeth Cady Stanton however, the manner and degree of such curtailing is quite variant. In A Work of Artifice the growth and fulfillment of females is stunted physically, mentally, and sexually. The first evidence of this suppression of potential we see is when the author says that the bonsai tree, which symbolically represents females, couldve gr suffer to be eighty feet tallbut a gardener carefully pruned it. Males, which are symbolically represented by the gardener, whittle away anythin g they find undesirable, thus curtailing the females growth and fulfillment. Example of the curtailing of the physical growth is bound feet by which females are ineffectual to move around as they wish, limiting them to precisely where the males want them to be. In the words crooned day after day by the gardener it is your nature to be small and cozy, domestic and weak, we see how males use these words to shape the mind of females, and they tell the females repeatedly also that they are so lucky to have men to tend to them as to inflict guilt as a safety net just in case the shaping was unsuccessful. All this careful vigilance works together to curtail females mentally. Lastly, the words the hands you love to touch imply that females... ...hese works signify the male dominance in society, and how male uses different venues and approaches to protect his dominant status, whether it is by conscious or unconscious acts. Also both works show how female acceptance of this hierarchy gives males the power and acclaim to continue to rule the roost, whether such acceptance comes through willing obedience or defeat. The females portrayed in A Work of Artifice and You Should Have Been a Boy developed deep and lonely voids inside their hearts because they had been conformed to the males wishes. They learned to ignore the pain created by the turning away from their own desires and aspirations and directed their lives on the path of living to please others. This empty existence denied what was rightfully theirsa life full of happiness and satisfaction that occurs through the freedom of expression of self.

The Definition of Private Essay example -- Definition Essays

The Definition of PrivateAnyone who has ever received one of those pesky telemarketer prognosticate calls during dinner most likely understands the idea of a private phone number. No one likes to have their phone line invaded by paid phone operators who just want your money. Working long and hard on a group presentation regarding technology threatening/improving privacy, one can realize that the word private has several different connotations and meanings. Yet, when generally facing the word, it usually means the opposite of public.Looking at An American Dictionary of the English Language, private is noted as something unconnected with others, and even sequestered from company or observation. Therefore, this could be something that was taken away, or just something that stands unaccompanied. The word private is often linked to the word alone. A private beach house, for example, is located in an flying field on the beach where no one else resides.While these definitions further dis tinguish things which are private from those which are public, Dictionary.com explains private as something...

Early Religion Essay

Religion is something unique to a man. It makes us different from any other animals. Nowadays, religion has a great impact on mans life. It one of the major factors why man still manage to survive in this cruel and unfair life. It helps man to keep retention on especially in times of down. It is something man can lean on. But those religions we are affiliated today are not the exact same religion in the advance(prenominal) times. Even the simplest religion has a truly complex history indeed. Religions have developed over thousands of years ago collect to its adaptation to environmental changes such as social and ecological (Hopfe and Woodcraft, p. 15)Although archaeologists and anthropologists have found remains and of ancient people and society, still, evidences for early religions were hard to interpret. Writings were very few because they dont actually write in their times. They preferred vocal communication. Sad to say but these gave us limited knowledge of early religions. However, their arts and symbols somehow gave little information about their religion. There was withal transmission of myths from one generation to another. Stories about gods relationship with man are greens to every religion.These stories are myths telling the truth about the religion. It helps man visualize abstract concepts (Hopfe and Woodcraft, p. 25). Like every other religion today, early religion similarly has initiation. After proper training, a man or woman will be initiated which serve as the end of their social cohesion and individual fulfilment (Ellwood and McGraw, p. 31. ). Shamans have a big role in spirituality of early religion. They are believed to have special powers corresponding healing and confronting gods. Ceremonies and rituals that went with hunting and gathering were also present (Ellwood and McGraw, p. 49).Early religion, even somehow have a lot of difference with todays religion, have shaped the lives of early people. Just like today, religion is a pa rt of their everyday lives. Whatever the differences they may have, religion still have one good reason for existenceguidance to mankind. References Ellwood, Robert S. and McGraw, Barbara A. many a(prenominal) Peoples, Many Faiths Women and Men in the World Religions, Seventh Edition. Upper Saddle River, raw Jersey Prentice Hall. 2002 Hopfe, Lewis M. and Woodcraft, Mark R. Religions of the World, Eighth Edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey Prentice Hall. 2001

The Functions of Diplomacy Essay

finesse has existed since the beginning of the hu humanity race. The act of conducting negotiations between two persons, or two nations at a large context is es displaceial to the upkeep of international affairs. Among the many functions of delicacy, some include preventing war and violence, and fortifying traffic between two nations. finesse is most importantly used to commit a specific agenda. Therefore without discretion, much of the worlds affairs would be abolished, international organizations would not exist, and above either the world would be at a constant give in of war. It is for statesmanship that certain countries abide exist in harmony. There has not been a documented start of statecraft but there have been instances ranging back to the 5th century where diplomacy arose in certain nations. Dating back to 432 B.C, the Congress of Sparta was an illustration of diplomacy as organise by the Greek City States (Nicolson 1). The origin of the word diploma comes fro m different sides of the earth. In Greece diploma meant folded in two, while in Ancient capital of Italy the word was used to describe travel documents. Often times the word diplomacy is given many meanings.Many times will the words indemnity and the word negotiation be seen as synonyms hence the word diplomacy and foreign diplomacy are deemed to be similar (Nicolson 3). These synonyms of diplomacy are every(prenominal) faulty. While they whitethorn be very similar in some cases, they are not the exactly the same. Sir Harold Nicolson who was an English Diplomat born in Tehran, Persia, states that Diplomacy is neither the invention nor the pastime of some particular political system, but is an essential element in any reason up to(p) relation between man and man and between nation and nation (Nicolson 4). For the upkeep of the International System, diplomacy is used in every corner of the world. Without it many nations would not be able to conduct successful negotiations. While ma ny are not able to find a clear beginning or creation of diplomacy, modern diplomacy has become much more advanced and many aspects have changed over the years. The Peace of Westphalia in 1648 created the first modern diplomatic congress in assenting to creating a new world order in central Europe based on state sovereignty.Much of Europe began to change after the demonstration of modern diplomacy. For example, France under Cardinal Richelieu introduced the modern approachto international relations, based on the nation-state and motivated by national interest as its ultimate inclination (Kissinger 17). The New orbit Order began to bloom in all of Central and Western Europe. Great Britain argued for the balance of power which kept European diplomacy animate for the next 200 years (Kissinger 17). Every boorish in Europe contributed a little to the diplomacy the world has today. The balance of powers theory that many historied realists such as Francsesco Sforza, Machiavelli, an d Guiciardini argued was and still is an essential component of modern diplomacy. Many could argue that diplomacy is a product of society and history itself. As countries rise different aspects are added to diplomacy. Separation of powers, national interest, and a countrys sovereignty are unless a few elements that were added to modern diplomatic history. Therefore, diplomacy can be seen as an ever-changing concept, the same way International Relations between countries fluctuate.Author of The Pure Concept of Diplomacy Jos Calvet De Magalhes tell that continuity of the diplomatic institution throughout thousands of years and in all known civilizations shows that diplomacy is an institution inherent to international life itself, one that may undergo transformations or may be used with more or less intensity, but cannot be dispensed with (Szykman). As Henry Kissinger states By prosecute its own selfish interests, each state is presumed to contribute to progress, as if some unseen h and were guaranteeing that freedom of choice for eac state assured well-being for all (Kissinger 22), In the course of all diplomatic history no country has influenced international relations as decisively and at the same time as ambivalently as the unify States. No society, has more firmly insisted on the inadmissibility of intervention in the domestic affairs of other states, or more passionately maintain that its own values were universally applicable. No nation has been more pragmatic in the day-to-day conduct of its diplomacy, or more ideological in the chase of its history moral convictions.No country has been more reluctant to engage itself abroad even while undertaking alliances and commitments of unprecedented reach and scope (Kissinger 18). The United States headstrong tendencies to succeed have made it one of the most influential countries in the course of diplomacy. The most famous of all peace proposals following World War I was the program of Fourteen Points, deliv ered by President Woodrow Wilson in1918 (Szykman). Most can argue that without the United States, much of modern diplomacy would be gone. There are in fact many functions of diplomacy that make diplomacy an essential ingredient for any collected and efficient change. The reason to carry on with other persons has always been the same, to have better relations. Over the course of diplomacy being in existence, the structure of diplomatic posts has changed from a loose one to an organised institution made for a specific purpose.While the structure of diplomatic posts has changed, the functions always remained the same. There are four functions of diplomacy. The first function involves representing a states interests and conducting negotiations or discussions designed to identify common interests as well as areas of disagreement between the parties, for the purpose of achieving the states goals and avoiding conflict (Ameri 1). Representations of a state as well as negotiation are the most important functions of diplomacy. Negotiations between two representatives are a key component in diplomacy, because in doing so the representatives find a common interest. Finding a common interest is alert in conducting negotiations because with a common interest representatives are able to devise a solution that is in the interest of both sides. G.R. Berridge that negotiation can produce the advantages obtainable from the cooperative pursuit of common interests and it is only this activity that can prevent violence from being employed to settle remaining arguments over conflicting ones (Berridge 1).The second function of diplomacy involves the gathering of education and subsequent identification and evaluation of the receiving states foreign policy goals (Ameri 1). Diplomatic posts are concerned with gathering information however when the information is sent back to their native country a Foreign Ministry analyzes the data and determines what foreign policy should be enact ed. Political leaders choose what path is right for their country then. The third major function of diplomacy is expansion of political, economic, and cultural ties between two countries (Ameri 2). For example, after WWII countries such as the United States and Britain aimed their foreign policy at the extermination of communism. In present day, the United States State Department engages international audiences to speak about politics, security, and their values to help create an environment receptive to US national interests. In addition, the State Department annually sponsors more than 40,000educational and cultural exchanges (Diplomacy).Finally, the fourth function of diplomacy is that diplomacy is the facilitating or enforcing vehicle for the watching of international law (Ameri 2). It is the diplomats job to promote the countrys national interests and keep ties with other countries open. The emphasis put on diplomacy is not just dominant in todays world, however it was a develo ping concept in the Renaissance as well. Great thinkers such as Machiavelli, Guicciardini, Grotius, Richelieu, Wicquefort, Satow, Nicolson, and Kissinger had a profound continue on diplomacy. For Machiavelli diplomacy was a tool of deception to grant more power to the state (Beridge 24). Machiavellis impact on leaders was a major one because he argued for leaders to be headstrong as well as reserved. Guicciardini promoted the upkeep of good relations to be careful with whom one deals with and that reputation is key in a negotiation (Berridge 43). His contribution to diplomacy was that diplomatic posts are given to people who can be trusted and can promote their countrys state interests. What these great thinkers contributed to diplomacy was immense. All of them contributed a different element to the ever-growing concept of diplomacy.Since the theatre of operations of diplomacy is always growing and changing, it can be said that because of its vast effect on the world, everybody ne eds diplomacy to survive. It has become such a vital part of everyones life that is indirectly becoming a trait for survival. Throughout the course of history diplomacy has been a paramount element in the upkeep of peace and in the creation of positive change. Without diplomacy much of the worlds affairs would not exist. There are many examples of how diplomacy has affected countries, and even individual citizens. An example of how negotiation positively can affect someone is Clintons negotiation with Kim Jung Il in North Korea. Their peaceful negotiation resulted in the release of two American citizens. An example of how power can corrupt diplomacy is Libya and Switzerland.With the introduction of power, in other words oil, countries such as Libya with the leader Ghaddafi are able to have a stronger presence in the world and say things that can normally not be said. male monarch corrupts, however diplomacy seeks to rid corruption and reinforce the international system as well as i nternational law. It is for diplomacy that international organizations can exist. In a diplomatic way, an international organization is merely a manymembers finding a common ground on a particular subject. In the United Nations for example, all the members try to find a common interest for positive change. Although it is sometimes perceived to be slow change, the method of diplomacy causes few casualties than any other one. If diplomacy were not in existence, international organizations would not exist. The world would be at a constant state of war, and war would in fact never end because they normally end with diplomatic negotiations.Selected BibliographyAdam, Watson,. Diplomacy the dialogue between states. New York McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1983. Berridge, G. R. Diplomatic Theory From Machievelli to Kissinger. New York Palgrave, 2001. Diplomacy The U.S. Department of State at Work. U.S. Department of State. Bureau of Public Affairs, June 2008. Web. 2 Sept. 2009. . Eban, Abba Solomon . New diplomacy international affairs in the modern age. New York stochastic House, 1983. Kissinger, Henry. Diplomacy (A Touchstone Book). New York Simon & Schuster, 1995. Kwong, Maj Tang Mun. The Roles of Diplomacy and Deterrence in the 21 st Century. Journal V27 N1 Jan-Mar (2001). Newsom, David D. Diplomacy under a Foreign Flag When Nations dislocation Relations. Washington DC Institute for the Study of Diplomacy,1991. Nicolson, Harold. Diplomacy. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1977. Satow, Ernest M. A guide to diplomatic practice. London Longmans, 1932. Written by Christopher Amacker

Boeing Case Analysis

Lincoln University Graduate School of Business Marketing Management Team Project Case 3 Boeing ships keep comp each Team 8 The five elements group Derek Dellape 7551 Synopsis As the largest aerospace company in the domain, the Boeing Company employees more than 153,000 people in some 67 countries. The great dominance of Boeing is overdue to its 1997 merger with McDonnell Douglas Corporation, an aerospace manufacturer, and its 1996 purchase of the defense and space units of Rockwell international Corporation, an aerospace avower.The corporation is the worlds number 1 maker of mercantile jetliners and military gdepressioncraft with more than 9,000 commercial planes in service worldwide, including the 717 through 777 families of jets and the MD-80, MD-90, and MD-11. In the defense sector, the company makes military demeanorcraft, including fighter, transport, and attack aircraft helicopters and missiles. Moreover, Boeing is the nations top NASA contractor and the loss lead er of the U. S. industry team for the multinational Space Station and directly involved in commercial space projects much(prenominal) as satellite net dies.History The Boeing Company was founded by William Edward Boeing and his colleague George Conrad Westervelt in 1916, in Seattle, Washington. The first plane built by Boeing and Westervelt was a B & W seaplane and it was sold to the government of sunrise(prenominal) Zealand which employed the plane for mail delivery and pilot training. The precedeprise was expanded due to opportunities in the airmail businesses which lead to evolution of an extremely versatile and democratic airplane called the Model 40.This airplane could carry 1,000 pounds of mail and a complete flight crew, and still have room enough for freight or passengers. In the years leading up to World War II Boeing led the way in developing single-wing airplanes. They were constructed completely of metal to make them stronger and faster, more efficacious aerodynam ic designs were emphasized and finally, directional radios were installed which enabled better navigation and nigh flying. At this point, Boeing had established itself as the leading manufacturer of airplanes.During the 1950s and 1960s, Boeing was allowed to use the government-owned B-52 construction facilities for the development of a new civilian/military jet. This new jet, the B-707, first rolled off the assembly line in 1957. Boeing enjoyed a large degree of victor and profitability with the 707. The company devoted its resources to the development of a number of otherwise passenger jet models, including the 720 (a limited 707) and the 727 introduced in 1964, which was able to carry 143 passengers. During this time the company also recognized a demand for a smaller 100 passenger jetliner for rooker routes.As a lead, Boeing developed the 737 model which was considered to be a very technical advanced jetliner. Mean composition, Boeing expanded its involvement in the defense ma rket through the 1960 acquisition of Philadelphia-establish Vertol Aircraft Corporation, a maker of military helicopters. During the Vietnam War, Boeing Chinook and Sea Knight helicopters were intemperately utilized by American forces. The 1960s also saw Boeing active in the NASA contracting sector. As the Cold War continued, Boeing was selected to develop the Minuteman intercontinental ballistic missile system.In addition, Boeing was heavily involved in NASAs Apollo project of the 1960s, beginning with its exertion of several Lunar Orbiters as well as the Lunar drift Vehicle, which was used to explore the moon in the early 1970s. During the 1970s, Boeing tried to diversity its business by entering the metro-rail business, manufacturing mass transit systems for Boston, San Francisco, and Morgantown, West Virginia. The systems were modern, computerized, and efficient hardly prone to frequent breakdowns. After fulfilling its obligation to rectify the systems (at great cost), Boein g decided to discontinue its ground transport business.As the dominant aircraft manufacture for over three decades, Boeing began to view a decline in its earnings and stock price during the middle of 1980s even though it remained profitable. Unfortunately, Boeing jets were involved in four fatal air accidents from declination 1988 to March 1989, and the company missed its first delivery deadline in two decades when the 747-400 startd production delays. These internal problems were exacerbated by increased competition from Airbus, which was heavily subsidized by a consortium of European companies and governments.Furthermore, worldwide orders of all aircraft by the airliners declined from 1,662 in 1989 to 439 in 1991. Fortunately, in 1993 NASA selected Boeing as the prime contractor for the International Space Station, which was called the largest international science and technology endeavor ever undertaken. Boeing was also becoming increasingly involved in commercial space projec ts and in December 1995 ten commercial space satellites were produced and builded from a floating platform at sea.In the middle of 1990s, Boeing began its plan of acquisitions and in 1996 it paid $3. 2 billion for the aerospace and defense holdings of Rockwell International which was responsible for the Space shuttle and International Space Station programs, as well as activities in launch systems, arise engines, missiles, satellites and military airplanes. Furthermore, in 1997 Boeing unblemished a $14 billion acquisition of McDonnell Douglas which was the worlds number three maker of commercial aircraft.The acquisition increased Boeings sh ar of the world market for large commercial jetliners to more than 60 percent and left it with just one major competitor in that sector, the European Airbus which held about one third of the world market. Unfortunately, 1997 turned disastrous for Boeing for reasons wholly unrelated to its acquisition spree. Attempting to take advantage of the upswing in airplane orders, which was in part caused by the ageing of the airliners fleets, Boeing committed to doubling its production over an 18 month period.The eagerness of Boeing to increase its revenue lead to production delays, including the wholesale shutdown of some production units and reducing its workforce from 238,000 at year end 1997 to betwixt 185,000 and 195,000 by the end of 2000. If the delays and reduction of workforce werent bad enough for Boeing enterprise, the contract awarded to Boeing by the Air force to undertake the Evolved Expandable Launch Vehicle program (EELV) was canceled due to allegations of cheating to win the Air force contract. Today Boeing is under fetching a major project, Boeing 787 Dreamliner which ordain provide a super-efficient airplane apable of flying long ranges with less elicit. However, Walter James McNerney, the CEO of Boeing Corporation, will have to deal with many issues such as competition, value drawstring and ethics in order to dominate the aircraft industry in next future. Analysis Competitive Rivalry surrounded by quick Players The commercial aircraft business is very important for Boeing because it covers more than 65% of its total revenue. In this market, losing market share can cause big impact on the performance of Boeing and its future development.The competition from Airbus is considered extreme and on the scale between 1 and 10, it can be ranked as 9. The level of competition between the two aircraft manufactures is very clear as it is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Graph of market share (%), gross orders between Airbus and Boeing from 1994 to 2006. The level of rivalry between Airbus and Boeing shown in Fig. 1 depicts Boeing as the market share leader from 1994 to 1998. However, Airbus took the market share from Boeing in 2001 and kept its position as the market share leader until 2004.Even though the number of orders was more superior with Airbus in 2004, the total revenues of Boeing was sti ll much superiorer than that of Airbus. While the revenue of Airbus in 2004 was $40 billion, Boeing had the revenue of $55 billion. This is due to the fact that Boeing gained profit from other activities such as military aerospace, defense, and space business. The competition from Airbus industry is getting more and more threatening to Boeing in the commercial aircraft market. Boeing has been the market leader since 1980s.Nevertheless, Airbus has gained ground and expanded its market share very successfully by making great efforts in doing market look for and development of new products. While Airbus spent 5. 9 percent of its total revenue on research and development in 1999, Boeing only spent 2. 3 percent. Therefore, it means that Airbus is now a big threat to Boeing and may take over its market leader position soon if Boeing doesnt take any serious action to protect itself. Threat of New Entrance It is not easy for new companies to enter the market of manufacturing large ommerci al aircraft. The high cost of developing airplanes is a major factor in prohibiting new entrants to the market with cost as high as US$5. 5 billion to develop the Boeing 777 in the 1990s. Furthermore, aircraft manufactures must sell between 400 and 500 aircraft at a rate of 50 sales per year in order to regain their investment funds after developing a new product. This means that companies which enter the market must be prepared to wait for around 10 years to begin with showing any profit even though on that point is no guarantee that they will become profitable.For that reason, the threat of new entries is considered very low on the scale of 1 to 10, it is ranked as 1. Nevertheless, Boeing now has been faced the threat of new entrance by China. The Chinese government has officially approved the launch of China Commercial Aircrafts, which will manufacture large passenger airplanes. The plan is to have jets designed and built in China by 2020. Asian Airlines are expected to buy nea rly 10,000 new planes by 2025, with more than 2,200 of those going to Chinese airlines.Since Boeing and Airbus have been outsourcing most of the technical and engineering jobs to China, barriers of technology indispensableness to enter the industry can be overcome by the Chinese. As a matter of fact, a consortium of Chinese companies know as China melodic phrase Industries Corporation produces components for Boeings 747 and 787 wide bodies and operates a final assembly line for the Airbus A320. For that reason, China is now in advantageous position to build passenger aircraft due to its tremendous wealth, expert strength and a huge home market.Therefore, once China starts manufacturing aircrafts, it could also become a significant player in the world of passenger plane market and take part of the market share away from Boeing and Airbus. Nevertheless, the Chinese ambition to enter the aircraft industry is not a short run threat to Boeing because it may take at least 15 years to China begin to develop its airplanes. Despite its goal of eventually challenging Boeing, the Chinese will have to produce large jets which are able to meet only a small part of domestic demand while Boeing will continue to claim a big chunk of the Chinese market.Value Chain Analysis For the past several years, Boeing has been grappling with problems in launching its modish major passenger airplane, the Boeing 787 Dreamliner at a cost of $178 million each. Airlines around the world preordered over 900 787 airplanes before they ever took a test flight based on its projected fuel efficiency, passenger comfort, low maintenance costs, flexibility, and other major design elements. However, the first test flights for the plane were delayed, largely because of tack cooking stove issues.Boeing subcontracted out the design and assembly of major components of the 787 to firms in Japan, Italy, China, and India but did not impose adequate coordination across these various suppliers. For that reason, subassemblies did not fit together properly, there were numerous quality and delivery issues, and countless other problems occurred. The biggest problem was that Boeing didnt realize that integrating the supply chain and choosing the correct suppliers was much more delicate than it could have anticipated for.In this case, Boeing outsourced the assembly of parts of the airplane to countries such as China and India where labor is cheaper so that it could reduce cost of operation. Unfortunately, outsourcing to foreign countries to save coin can cause backlash from the media, current customers, as well as possible future customers. As a matter of fact, one risk Boeing is taking by outsourcing its supply chain is giving away technology to third parties such as foreign aerospace companies. For example, Chinese suppliers may use the knowledge acquired from their work to begin creating a company of their own.If this occurs, it would be a huge threat to Boeing as well as Airbus si nce they have plans to capitalize on the flourishing Asia-Pacific markets. morals at Boeing Over the years, Boeing is focused on a flood of scandals that have tarnished the companys image. In July 2003, the Pentagon stripped Boeing of one million dollars in rocket launch business for possessing proprietary documents stolen from a competitor, Lockheed Martin. As a matter of fact, Boeing was suspended from doing business with the federal government for twenty months. In another incident, the section of defense reported that Boeing overcharged the U.S. army by $13 million for parts opposed to a fair sale price of $10 million. Due to a lack of ethics, Boeing may lose credibility with its suppliers and customers who may ideate twice before signing a contract with Boeing. Moreover, Boeing lack of ethics is unfair to other companies as well as tax payers. Another ethic issue involving Boeing is that it has sacrificed American jobs for foreign government subsidies. In recent years, Boein g has sought subsidies from foreign governments and it has pushed its manufacturing foreign in order to obtain such subsidies.For the 787 aircraft, Boeing reportedly secured a subsidy of almost $600 million dollars from the Italian government towards the manufacture of the rear fuselage of the airplane by the Italian firm, Alenia. Moreover, Boeing also reportedly obtained approximately $1. 5 billion in subsidies from the Japanese government for the same aircraft. In order to secure this Japanese subsidy, Boeing outsourced the manufacture of the wings and fuselage of the aircraft to the Japanese companies Fuji, Kawasaki and Mitsubishi.Sadly, Boeing outsourced the sort of technology that had benefited from years of American taxpayer-funded research and development spending. As a matter of fact, Boeing lack of ethics can will many hard working Americans without jobs. Conclusion The dominance of aircraft manufacturing business by Boeing is impressive, but Airbus and threat of new entr ants could take part of the market share away from Boeing. For that reason, Boeing should spend more money in research and development so it could improve its airplanes with new technological advances.In this market, technology is all important(p) because it can help carve up one company from another and therefore, the most advanced technological firm is more able to keep and gain more customers than its competitors. Even though technological advances are important factor that help distinguish one company from another, Boeing shouldnt neglect the fact that supply chain is also very crucial to a company success. When Boeing outsourced its supply chain to China and India, it caused a delay on Boeing 787 Dreamliner production.If a company wants to be the market leader, it shouldnt outsource supply chain because it is sometimes difficult to contact with suppliers and verify quality of products being used to assemble the aircrafts, for example. In addition, Boeing shouldnt outsource su pply chain because it takes a risk of giving away technology to third parties such as foreign aerospace companies in China and India. If Boeing wants to keep its dominance of aircraft manufacturing business, it should be more respectable when doing business.The lack of ethics by Boeing can cause a great harm to the image of the company and worst of all, Boeing could lose credibility with its suppliers and customers who may think twice before signing a contract with it. The bottom line is that Boeing should have more consideration with its competitors as well as tax payers when doing business. Answers and Questions 1) address the nature of the market structure and demand for the Dreamliner. What are the applications of this for Boeing and customers?A) The nature of the market structure for the Dreamliner is oligopolistic which means that the market or industry is dominated by a small number of sellers in this case aircraft manufactures. The oligopolistic market is comprised of a ha ndful of competitors sheltered by significant barrier to entry. This means that firms are heavily circumscribe from entering or leaving the industry. For that reason, Boeing has the chance to take the market share away from Airbus since it has only one competitor and manufactures mid-size aircrafts capable of flying long ranges with high fuel efficiency.Since the demand for Dreamliners is not used for personal or direct consumption but rather for its use in providing other goods and services, the demand for the Dreamliner is known as derived demand. The Airlines that purchase Boeing aircrafts want to comply with customer demand for more thriving and luxury airplanes. Passengers will experience during their flights and great deal of comfort with high cabin pressure and humidity which reduces common flying symptoms like headaches, dry mouth and fatigue.At the same time, midsized wide-body airplanes will provide to airlines with unmatched fuel efficiency, resulting in exceptional en vironment performance while cutting costs with fuel consumption. If airlines are able to cut cost with fuel, consumers will be directly benefited with cheaper air fares. 2) What examples of the major types of purchasing situations of you see in this case? Discuss the implications of each in terms of marketing strategy. A) The major types of buying situations are straight rebuy, modified rebuy and new-task buying.In straight rebuy the buyer routinely reorders something without any modifications. The marketing strategy used in straight rebuy is based on getting high quality and low cost products, superior service, and prompt delivery from a partner seller. In fact, the buyer can save time with tedious paper work requirement since they have already ordered previously with the seller. In modified rebuy involves a business buying situation in which the buyer wants to modify product specifications, prices, terms, or suppliers.The market strategy of modified rebuy allows buyers to look at alternative offerings within their established purchasing guidelines. In fact, they might take this step if their current supplier has let a rebuy situation deteriorate because of poor service or delivery performance. In new-task buying involves a business buying situation in which the buyer purchases a product or services for the first time. The strategy of new-task buying in marketing is to acquire goods or services by guardedly considering alternatives offerings.In fact, it is very important to a company entering a new field to search out potential suppliers, and evaluating proposals. 3) List the specific features of the Dreamliner. What customer benefits result from each? A) The Boeing 787 Dreamliner incorporates structural composite materials in the airframe instead of predominantly aluminum which offer customers a guaranteed reduction in maintenance costs. Moreover, the use of structural composites enhances fuel economy as well as travel range of the 787 Dreamliner.This mean s that airlines will be able to save money with fuel so that consumers will pay less for air fares. Due to the use of composite technology, the Boeing 787 has a higher cabin pressure which helps customers have a better flight experience and reduce common flying symptoms such as headaches and fatigue. The cabin design incorporates increased legroom, and added rooms such as lounges which can benefit customers with a comfortable flying experience. In addition, the 787 Dreamliner also contains 19-inch electrochromic dimmable windows, which adds passenger comfort.At last, the Dreamliner is environmental friendly because it is a low emission airplane. In this case, customers will benefit from an airplane which emits less deoxycytidine monophosphate dioxide which can help keep the air cleaner. 4) Discuss the customer buying wait on for a Boeing airplane. In what major ways does this process differ from the buying process a passenger might go through in choosing an airplane? A) The proces s of buying an aircraft can be a complicated process due to the fact that a 787 Dreamliner can cost over 100 million dollars.In order to buy an airplane, buyers must take in consideration costs and benefits which come with the purchase of the airplane such as long-term operating and maintenance costs. Moreover, customers will have to wait for years in order to give birth their planes since the aircraft manufacturer may take years to produce them. The purchase of an airline ticket by a consumer may be classified in a few different ways. Customers traveling the same route regularly do not require them to spend a great deal of time or mental effort in arriving at the purchase decisiveness.On the other hand, leisure customers who travel occasionally, the purchase process would require considerably more time and effort. However, the decision of consumers to buy an airplane ticket has not as many factors to consider as in the case of an airline purchasing a 787 Dreamliner. In addition, t he outcomes are more numerous and the stakes are much higher. 5) What marketing recommendations would you make to McNerney as he continues to try to fade out the problems with the 787 Dreamliner program?A) The first problem that McNerney has to resolve with 787 Dreamliner program is improve ethics of the firm. If Boeing doesnt have a good work and business ethic customer relationship can be compromised. As a matter of fact, Boeing could lose credibility with its suppliers and customers who may think twice before signing a contract with it. At last, McNerney should keep the supply chain in America because it is easier to contact with suppliers and verify the quality of products being used to assemble the 787 Dreamliner.

Jose de San Martin Essay

In Argentina war of independence was fought from 1810 to 1818 by Argentine forces under Jose de San Martin against royalist forces loyal to the Spanish crown. On July 9, 1816, an assembly met in San Miguel de Tucuman, say wide of the mark independence with provisions for a national constitution. Chile This war of independence was an armed conflict between the people of Chile and Spanish compound authorities, which started on September 10, 1810 and extended until 1821.A declaration of independence was officially issued by Chile on February 12,1818 and formally recognized by Spain in 1840, when full diplomatic relations ( conducting negotiations between representatives of groups or states) were established. Peru The Napoleonic invasion of the Iberian Peninsula should have take to a degradation of royal power, but since nearby upper Peru was under the attack of armies from Buenos Aires, the Peruvian oligarchs back up the royalist cause. Fear of indigenous rebellion also remained fr om the 1780-1781 revolt that was headed by Jose Gabriel Tupac Amaru Condorcanqui.Finally, the viceroys of Peru traditionally had the support of the Lima oligarchs because of their rivalry to the commercial interests of Buenos Aires and Chile. Therefore, the Viceroyalty of Peru became the last redoubt of the Spanish Monarchy in South America. Nevertheless, a Creole rebellion arose in 1812 in Huanuco and another in Cusco between 1814 and 1816. Both were suppressed. These rebellions were supported by the armies of Buenos Aires. Peru finally succumbed after the decisive continental campaigns of Jose de San Martin (18201823) and Simon Bolivar (1824).While San Martin was in charge of the land campaign, a newly built Chilean Navy led by Lord Cochrane transported the fighting troops and launched a sea campaign against the Spanish fleet in the Pacific. San Martin, who had displaced the royalists of Chile after the Battle of Maipu, and who had disembarked in Paracas in 1820, proclaimed the i ndependence of Peru in Lima on July 28, 1821. Four years later, the Spanish Monarchy was defeated definitively at the Battle of Ayacucho.After independence, the conflicts of interests that faced different sectors of Creole Peruvian society and the particular ambitions of the caudillos, made the organization of the country excessively difficult. Only three civiliansManuel Pardo, Nicolas de Pierola and Francisco Garcia Calderonacceded to the presidency in the first seventy-five years of Perus independence. The Republic of Bolivia was created from Upper Peru. In 1837 a Peru-Bolivian Confederation was also created but was dissolved two years later due to Chilean military incumbrance

Corona Beer Ad Analyze

More than a glory What do you imagine when you hear corona discharge beer? Usu entirelyy its that same sign of the mer slewtileized taking bunk on a perfect beach. What would a beer confirm to with a beach, thats isolated and pretty much perfect? Corona is selling its beer by selling a dream with it and its working. The typical Corona commercial we see on television has basic elements that are present in all of them. These basic elements are a beach, with crystal clear water, flawless sand, isolation, and of course a cold Corona beer.In a particular Corona commercial that I had analyzed goes like this, it starts with the signature beach, thats completely isolated, with calm crystal clear water, and sand that is so clean you force out eat attain of it. Next it starts to zoom out and the Corona beer comes into the picture between a young wo reality bathing in the sun and a man skipping rocks along the water, while the man is skipping the rocks his phone begins to ring. He is a bout to go for a nonher rock but grabs his phone and then there is a slight pause, he then skips the phone along the water like the rocks.The woman then brushes her hair back with her hand and continues to just relax and be attractive. Then the commercial ends with its signature slogan, Relax Responsibly, on the bottom. What the ordinary person doesnt know is that all of these components are used to hook the customer and it works virtually every time. Through Jib Fowles, advertizements Fifteen Basic Appeals, we learn of the aspects that attract the average consumer to buy products, which are the Fifteen basic appeals.Fowles suggests that advertisers compound desires and needs of the consumers into the advertisements these desires and needs that captivate the viewer or the consumer are part of Fowles Fifteen basic appeals (73-74). The most obvious appeals in the Corona commercial that I analyzed are the needs for autonomy, to escape, and for aesthetic sensations there is also a s mall hint of the need for sex. Starting with the more apparent ones we will view at autonomy first. According to Fowles the need for autonomy is projected by the need to endorse the self.The focus here is upon the independence and integrity of the individual(82). What Fowles is getting at here is that the consumers like the idea of independence and keeping themselves up on there own two feet. This is connected with the Corona commercial by the actions of the man. The man is on the beach he gets a phone call an average person would pick up the phone. But in fact this man goes against social standards and rebelling against what should be done. Hes deviating from the world and standing alone by doing what he wants to do.What he wants to do is drop all responsibility and not conform to societies beliefs of all work and no play. Next we look at the need for escape. We can all imagine that place of escape and the Corona commercial exemplifies this paradise that is isolated and away from other people. Its just you, the beautiful beach, and your Corona beer. What more could you ask for when your away from the world? From the commercial there is a sense of escape from responsibility when the man tosses the phone away. You also see the mans need to escape by the fact that hes on the beach by himself with just his lady.The final dominant appeal is the need for aesthetic sensations. Watching the commercial with the image of paradise, a beautiful woman, and a cold Corona theres a feeling of perfection. It gives the viewer this extreme satisfaction that through a Corona this is all possible. This picture perfect view captures the consumers and leaves an imprint of perfection in their judgings. Humans like things that are nice to view. If its nice to view they want to encounter it more and conduct it. Finally in this commercial there is a slight hint of the need for sex. The woman on the side is a symbol of sex in the commercial.Her very slight movement and presence give s a feeling and need for sex because a man and a woman isolated alone on a flawless beach gives that sexual sense. Even though sex is not so evident it is still signaled. So why all these appeals and mind games in order to sell a beer? Well the average consumer thinks when they buy a product they are buying just the tangible product that they picked up in the store. But the truth is theyre being sold something much more. Along with that pair of shoes youre buying the advertisements life. What I mean by the advertisements life is the qualities and desires portrayed in the advertisement.In fact, when you buy a Corona youre also buying a lifestyle in paradise. Advertisers tap into our deepest desires in order to take us away from practicality and to make their sell. Along with that Corona beer were being sold independence, escape, imprinted image of paradise in our minds, and a little bit of sex. Chuck Blore, a partner in the advertising firm Chuck Blore & Don Ruchman, Inc. had said Ad vertising is the art of arresting the human intelligence just long enough to get money from it. Advertisements have the ability to make you stop thinking with your oral sex but more with your desires.With this ability to put our desires on a poster or television screen we are led to believe that with that product we can achieve our dreams and desires. Its more than just a beer that Corona advertisements are selling. They are selling a lifestyle where there are no responsibilities shut out to relax. Corona makes us believe that with just a six- anchor ring of cold Corona we are transported in to a lifestyle where you have a snobbish beach, a babe right next to you, no hint of the modern world, and no worries. This is exactly what advertisers want their consumers to think.If an advertiser is able to tap into the desires of consumers through advertisements, they have pretty much caught the consumer in a never-ending cycle. Like in Coronas case, every time I see a Corona I think of that perfect beach and a captivating woman next to me. Corona was successful in tapping into my desires and now I feel that with a Corona I can be in paradise. Advertisers are very tapped into our desires and can influence what we buy and what we like. Like with the Corona commercial, if we buy Corona we can live a life free from social binds and have a perfect life.This desire, the perfect life, can be simply achieved by buying that six- pack of Corona beer. Corona isnt just selling their beer but a dream that is highly unlikely with the idea Relax Responsibly. Works Cited Corona Beer Dumping Your Cellphone 2009 Commercial. Youtube. 28 Sept. 2009. Web. 14 Feb. 2010. Fowles, Jib. Advertisings Fifteen Basic Appeals. Common Culture. 6th ed. Ed. Michael Petracca and Madeleine Sorapure. Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Education, Inc. , 2009. 71-88. Print. Shah, Anup. Media and Advertising. Global Issues. 26 Jan. 2008. Web. 20

The difference between incidence and prevalence data

Statistical data can enhance insights by establishing the relationship of events or factors to a population. However, the value and validity of these insights depends on the researchers skill in using data available for their research. Therefore there is a need to understand the distinctions and uses of these data to be able to develop insights regarding the population or discipline of information. One example understands the difference between incidence and prevalence data. By understanding characteristics unique to each, researchers leave behind be able to use them appropriately and effectively.Distinctionsincidence refers to the chance that an individual provide be fall under a constraint within a given period of time (Casella & Berger, 2001). In epidemiology, this refers to the chances that an individual will contract a particular(prenominal) in a particular time period. The rate of incidence is computed as a factor of the population susceptible to the constraint. Prevalence , on the other hand is defined as the probability that a constraint given a population (McClave & Sincich, 2006). Extending the definition to epidemiology, this refers to the likelihood of an individual in a population to acquire the disease. Its rate is derived from dividing the number of diagnosed cases over the total population.The distinction between the two sets of data is based on the time and population it refers to. incidence has a time frame or range while prevalence only considers the current data or data at a specific time. With regards to population, incidence is measured based on a constraint, usually defined because of its vulnerability to the diseases, whereas prevalence considers the whole population. If prevalence data is diminished, it means that disease is be eradicated versus in incidence where diminishing values only indicate the degree by which medical interventions are able to treat the disease (Bertoni et al, 2004). Furthermore, prevalence is the cumulative measure of incidence as of the time period which can differ significantly from incidence values (Casella & Berger, 2001).UsesIncidence data is often used when depicted objecting freshly and or short-term events. The data is independent from data gathered from other time periods, measuring only the newly diagnosed cases and does non consider populations who still sop up the condition or disease. As a measure of success in medical intervention, it measures the rate of success of treatments of the diseases symptoms. They are often utilised when conditions being studied are curable or when symptoms can become absent or in studies periods of vulnerability for a disease (Bertoni et al, 2004). Thus, in the study of respiratory sensitization and allergy n due to reaction enzyme producing plant, incidence data was used because the focus of the study the significance of exposure and host factors to employee reactions (Larsen, 2007). Incidence rates will better measure this relationship since the production of the enzymes that produce the sensitivity is seasonal and the population is limited to the employees who are exposed to the plants.Prevalence data in contrast is used more for long-term studies. As mentioned, it is a cumulative measure and therefore considers new and old diagnoses. It is often used in degenerative illnesses or conditions whose symptoms will always fall under the constraints characterized for it. There is a presumption of the continuance of the disease or condition and the date is used often in conjunction with periodic measures.Thus, in the measure of effectiveness of vaccination against Hepatitis A in north-eastern Italy, prevalence data were used because the concern was the success of the hindrance measures for drug users in showtime prevalence areas the measure is not among the population the cases that will be reported and the comparison of data is annually (Lugoboni et al, 2005). Prevalence studies will better develop insights to the s uccess rate of the intervention, in this case vaccination against Hepatitis A, because vaccination implies that focus is on the non-occurrence of the condition and at the same time, the focus is not short-term.ReferencesBertoni, Alain G., Hundley, W. Gregory, Massing, Mark W., Bonds, Gregory Denise E., Burke, L. and Goff, David C. Jr. (20004). Heart Failure Prevalence, Incidence, and Mortality in the Elderly With Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 27 699.Casella, George and Berger, Roger L. (2001)Statistical Inference, 2nd Edition. London Duxbury PressJohnsen, A. I. C. R. , Frickmann, J. and Mikkelsen, S. (2007). Incidence of respiratory sensitisation and allergy to enzymes among employees in an enzyme producing plant and the relation to exposure and host factors. Occup. Environ. Med., 64 763 768.Lugoboni, Fabio, Quaglio, Gianluca, Pajusco, Benedetta, Foroni, Blengio, Maurizio Gianstefano, Talamini, Giorgio, Mezzelani, Paolo and Des Jarlais, Don C. (2005). Prevalence of hepatitis A among dru g users in north-eastern Italy Is vaccination necessary in low prevalence areas? Eur J Public Health, 15 464 466.McClave, James T. and Sincich, Terry (2006). Statistics,10th Edition. by New York Prentice Hall

Dogs Make Good Companions

Dogs make healthy companions, because of the loyalty, unconditional love, friendship, and protection they run. When you instigate up in the morning they dont c be if you bewilder morning breathe, bed head, and no make-up, after a long day stressful day, door to that tail-wagging ready to give you hugs and kisses because your home. It makes all Youre worries and stresses go ad still come out the door. For instance, they forget always show unconditional love and loyalty. You might olfaction emotional, angry, or even talking out loud to yourself about your horrible day, who is there?Your dog, listening wagging its tail. They will never be judgmental, they dont care about what name brand clothes youre wearing, the car you drive, the house you live in, they will love you for you. If your late feeding them, or you raised your instance because they did something wrong, they wont complain and will always forgive you. On a cold overwinter night they will be right there to be your s nuggle buddy and keep you warm. other instance dogs can be good protectors of their family/owner and home.Next time Youre out on a walk or in the park with family and friends watch the reactions of dogs. If a person or animal are acquiring a little too close they will get that alert look, eyes coarse open, ears at attention, watching the surroundings. When they feel a possible threat, they get that vicious look, curled lips, fangs all out and making brutish noises through their nose, making sure, that person or animal knows they mean business when it comes to protect Family/owner. When it comes to protecting their home, they will go to great lengths, even giving their life.Do some research on how more dogs get under ones skin saved their family from burglars, fires, Carbon Monoxide Statistics show that owners are less wishly to be burglarized than non- dog owners are. Dogs bark to alert, letting you know something is not wrong and for you to go investigate. Did you know dogs a re also good for your wellness? Just petting or kissing with your dog can Relieve stress, pass up blood pressure, and lower your heart rate. Taking your dog for a walk provide them the exercise, but youre also getting some cardio exercise in as well. Dogs sense when youre not feeling well, staying by your look comforting you the best way they now how. When youre emotionally drained or depressed, they are right there showing you love and support, letting you know its going to be all right, and they are there for you for matter what. Dogs enjoy making you smile, which is good for the soul. One final thought is dogs dont ask for much for the unconditional love, friendship, loyalty. Dogs are willing to give their life to protect their family. Dogs need precise little care for the companionship they give you in return. Sure, they need food, water, and basic care just like you, but all they want is love, attention, and affection.Rather, its playing fetch, going for a walk, for a ride, or cuddling on the couch, doing little things, makes the companionship stronger. Just like any other friendship in your life, you have to make time and make it work. Now ask yourself a couple of questions. Do you have friends that give unconditional love? Do you have any friends there for you 24/7? Do you have friends that want to be around you when youre emotional, angry, and stressed? Are friends their when youre feeling sick? Dogs just may be the true friend and companion you never had. Thats why dogs make good companions.

Progress Report Essay

In this Assignment you impart proofread the Progress Report careened beneath. Next, you will identify the 10 mistakes that are listed in the report. The mistakes could be misspellings, incorrect abbreviations, or misuse of a medical term. Please list them in the chart below under the heading Medical Terminology Error. After you have listed the errors, you will need to identify the correct term or abbreviation. Please list them in the chart below under the heading Correct Term. At the stopping point of the project be sure to list both applicable references and cite them in APA format.Main Street Hospital and Medical Center6000 North maneuver Street Branch, Pennsylvania 12345 (555) 123-4567PATIENT NAME Susan SunshineMEDICAL RECORD5555555DATE OF DEATH04/04/1954DATE OF ADMISSION07/31/2013 come near NOTECHIEF COMPLAINT Severe lower abdominal pain and the inability to void for the quondam(prenominal) 12 hours.PRESENT ILLNESS Sam Samuel is a 75-year-old Asian-American man who came into the emergency department at 3 am stating that he was in great pain and could not urinate. He had not been seen by a physician for several years but claimed to be in good health except for a little high blood pressure. The patient reports urinary frequency, noicturia x2, hesitancy, intermittency, disuria, and diminished force and caliber of the bladder system. In addition, he complained of intermittent pain in the right posterior lumbar area, radiating to the right flank. He also has post-void dribbling and the sensation of not having completely emptied the bladder. Earlier today, he had hematuria at the end of urination and several bouts of N&D.MEDICATION ALLERGIES NoneCURRENT MEDICATIONS Benadryl 25 mg. dailys, at bedtime. forcible EXAM Temperature 98.6 F. Blood pressure 140/90. Pulse 98. Respirations 24. Palpation of the abdomen shows a suprapubic mass round three fingerbreadths below the umbilicus, dull to percussion, and slightly tender.IMPRESSION Renal Pelvis distention c aused by urinary outlet obstruction, probably from benign prostatic hyperplasia.PLAN Indwelling Foley catheter for relief of urinary obstruction. Imaging to admit a CAT scan, kidney ultrasound and IVR. Urinary consult. Labs to include white blood count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, blood urea north (BUA) and urinalnysis.

Cloud Computing Pros and Cons Essay

grease stars palms reckoning is able to offer a obvious advantage to companies willing to move into this growing arena. This is not without its drawbacks. Even in the definition of Cloud compute by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, (NIST) clear advantages exist. The definition includes the following terms on demand self-service, ubiquitous vane access, location independent resource pooling, rapid elasticity and measured service. Cloud compute Advantages On demand self-service is a hugely important aspect of fog deliberation.It allows for individuals utilise the service to be able to use all of the functions immediately. This ties in with the advantages of network access where you can access the functions of the taint computing system that you are using immediately, from anywhere, on any device. The rapid elasticity is as well a major(ip) advantage of profane computing as it can be updated at the core location and thence this update transfers down to the individual users, so they do not need to strike a authoritative change on their device. Cloud computing is able to offer many distinct advantages in the pedigree environment.Cloud computing exists in two primary forms. The first of these is using a becloud computing service to perform functions within a strain. This can all be done directly by a club, or it can also be done as an outsourcing operation to other tight. The plump for option is when cloud computing is used as a service that can be provided directly to firms for service or to general consumers for usage in day to day life, melodic phrase or not. wiz huge advantage of cloud computing is the ability to reduce the overall IT costs by using cloud computing versus the current systems that use the huge amount of physical servers.Without cloud computing, the amount of physical servers, computer systems, and software systems pose a huge cost to any organization attempting to do business. Without cloud computing, p hysical software and hardware must be purchased and maintained so that the cost of having and maintaining an IT infrastructure is drastically higher than that of having cloud a computing system. Having a traditional IT infrastructure also requires the need to aim a much higher amount of either IT professionals on staff or to outsource IT professionals from another firm.This labor expense is drastically reduced in that either the entire cost is outsourced to a firm that preforms all of these operations. Cloud computing allows for a significant drop in costs from some(prenominal) the change magnitude efficiency it brings in having the lowered capital cost of computers servers, and other network connections. some other way in which cloud computing is an advantage is that it is scalable. Companies or individuals using the services of a cloud computing network pay for the amount that they use. This allows for this to be a more accessible source for small businesses, which makes it an effective for both buyer and seller.Large companies also use cloud computing, as it allows them to save so many of preceding(prenominal) mentioned resources. Cloud computing also brings into effect one huge factor Accessibility. You can use cloud computing form any device, anywhere. You do not withstand to install the software onto the device that youre using. Cloud computing allows for employees to work away from work. This is not only on their home machine either. Cloud computing allows for accessibility from mobile devices, all computers connected to the internet, and anything else you can access the internet from.Cloud Computing Disadvantages Cloud computing is a great resource that is able to change how business operate, but this does not mean that it is perfect. Cloud computing is a new system, and many people do not amply trust it. One problem that some subscribers face the possibility that if the system crashes, then your entire business could be left without usage to th at service for however long this would occur for. This has huge ramifications as with a software system that is installed on all devices, if one device when down, there was only a locate problem.In using cloud computing, especially if for multiple applications, the entire service goes down a business could be without an entire series of applications necessary to their day to day function for however long it takes to overtake the system up and working. This, especially if utilized on a large scale, could cause massive issues. Another issue with cloud computing is how protected is your data and what happens to your data if the company you subscribe to no either goes out of business or if you no longer subscribe to them.Additionally, some uses do not equal becoming dependent upon cloud computing, prescribing to the dont put all of your eggs in one basket Additionally, the issue of privacy of the information bothers some, as giving all data to a company that shares data with many oth er companies, some of which could be competitors, could end up causing a tending of privacy. On that note as well, companies may also worry about the unethical usage of their information. The say-so problems of cloud computing all mostly deal with the negativities associated with cloud computing.The first of these is the system crash. This is the most rocky problem that cloud computing faces, and it leads to a great deal of problems. The best solution would be to have some backup form in place, possibly that would run partial processes so users would not be totally left out by this problem The second problem that can be associated with cloud computing is the problem of data storage when outsourcing cloud computing to another firm. The primary way to stay off this would be to have a local back up source.This would increase the cost somewhat, but it also allows for you to have insurance that your data would not be lost. The third and final major issue with cloud computing is priva cy. The maid way to implet pricacy is for the host system to be in proper working order, and to have regulations maintaining that it is ethical. Overall, cloud computing is a revolutionary ability that can change the ways companies do business and MIS. Cloud computing does have its draw backs, but they are far outweighed by the possibilities that cloud computing presents.

Activity Essay

some other strength of tap is knowing my audience. When narration to say an older crowd they probably wouldnt like a sess of loud sound effects like a fire truck or a law car. When reading to a younger crowd say for example the car came to a screeching holt devising a sound of a car coming to a sudden stop would not be bad at all and It will keep your young listeners entertained.Critical thinking mess be a hard concept to grasp because your nevertheless not letting your pen or draw flow freely you founder to think and analyze your answer. One of my strengths in critical thinking is to be able to take notes while reading so when it comes to the questions at the end I can fork myself that the answer is in my notes somewhere so I know I should interpret it. A failing of mine is that I locomote lazy and I wont turn vertebral column to my notes to actually find the answer I might just fill in whatever I feel is correct.Another one of my weaknesses is sometimes I may not re ad the question all the way finished and because of that I wont get the exact answer that I need and I wind up not caring anymore. The pen process in my opinion is the most important part of writing without it your paper would probably make no sense and start out a lot of mistakes. Strength of mine in the writing process is that I like to plan my writing carefully before just jumping into a paper.A weakness in this area is that I hate the revising and modify portion and I know its something that I need to work on if I want to cave in a great paper. Another strength is when I write the paper I try to get it exactly how I want it the 1st time so the second time through I just have to add a couple words or periods here or there. crack out and grammar everyones favorite part of a paper without it nobody would ever understand what you were trying to say.If you cede your paper with a lot of denounce fragments and run-ons nobody will bother to pick up anything you have written. St rength of mine in this area is I typically read over a sentence aloud twice to make sure it makes sense and its not a run-on. A weakness of mine is that I am not a very good speller without word and spell check all my teachers would probably look at me like I was crazy and its something that I have got to work on.Another weakness is sometimes I may forget a comma or a period or put a period where a question mark should go and if you give that paper to a newspaper or magazine they will hand it right back to you. Writing has a lot of components and some of the most important ones are rhetorical knowledge, critical thinking, reading and writing writing processes and knowledge of conventions. Even though every one has there own strengths and weaknesses you can always get your strengths stronger and your weaknesses stronger also.

Career Preference

C ber is a joke or strain regarded as a long-run or lifelong activity, the general path or progress steern by somebody where he is trained in a particular occupation for his entire working life while tasting is the selection of something rather than other(a) choices, its the power to involve on what you desire or what is lovable in your part. Socio means society, human society is a best example to understand its meaning because you potful understand easily what you observed on it.Socio economical is relating to or involving m peerlessy or financial matters. The above menti oned are the actors affecting the students who arent able to quit Bachelor of Science in Criminology in its in allotted succession in to can it. The Bachelor of Science in Criminology or Criminal Justice is a 4-year college mark program intended for individuals who wishes to have a career in the fields of law enforcement, security administration, crime detection and prevention or correctional admi nistration.It aims to foster the values of leadership, integrity, accountability and responsibility while destiny fellowmen, community and the coun settle. BS Criminology does not require any special skills, except general skills for the communication channel. Many students would affiliate the field of study as recreateing and not too difficult at all hardly the course includes several intriguing subjects, even the Practicum is highly anticipated by the graduating students due to its social relevance.Practicum is a non-academic performance it is performed outside the school, from the time the interns are turned over to the different agencies and offices particularly on PNP divisions and sections they are divided into groups and do the activities they were required to do. They will put one over what they learned on the major subjects like when theyre are assigned on avocation section they will fool what they learned on traffic Management and Accident Scene Investigation a maj or subject of the course.On HPG unit they are lectured to dumbfound knowledge on patrolling techniques, on BJMP they will learn more about Jail Management and apply some of what lessons on Institutional Correction Administration also a major subject, on the other hand they are also assign on offices like in Mountain Province patrol Provincial Office (MPPPO) and in Bontoc Municipal Police Station wherein they observe the jobs/works of officers assigned on offices. The group performs their duty 8 hours a day excluding weekends which is the requirement of the practicum.After accomplishing all the above mentions the graduating students can apply for graduation. Our country suffers from multicrisis such as socioeconomic and financial crisis which is greatly affected by global economic crisis, despite of all this crises, Filipinos are imaginative, creative and courageous to surpass these obstacles of everyday life. Every one of us has a great responsibility lies on our acquired knowledg e and skills when we engage into a job and acted as one of the enforcement in industry that would further improved the depleting economy of the country.All of these come first from wishes and aspirations that arises during childhood days that someday we will become a professional to ascend into poverty. This factors that serves as appreciation of student in choosing a career in college includes childhood aspiration, family and relatives, peers or friends an anticipated problems they encounter are presumed to affect the student preference of their career. Career preparedness will help the student become more effective and successful in life with his chosen job merely there is an external factor such socioeconomic place which changes their aspiration in life.Such when a student wants to become a law enforcer which he eer dreamed to be but because of his familys economic status he has to change his aspiration and take another course, his interest get less concentrated because its not suitable for him. Some gradatory high school students gradually stop in pursuing their college career because they lack money, financial detainability plays a major role in alterations of career life. Some students need to work in order to sustain their studies, as well to help their family about expenses.Another prime factor is stance, the personal view of something, opinion or general feeling about something which either promote or demote academic performances among students, for example a student says, I study hard on examinations but I dont try hard during quizzes, I cheat on my notes during quizzes in order to get a passing layer , clearly a bad attitude that a student has already practiced to do which when he dont do the same in some times he will fall apart other activity. Attitude plays a major role in attaining ones aspirations because it affects our performances. Review of LiteratureAccording to Webster, career preference is let loose opportunity to select a desi red career. It is also a decision- reservation in a confusing lieu which occurs during the senior year (3rd and 4th) of high school level. According to Tiedeman, career development unfolds within general branch of cognitive development as one resolves ego- relevant crisis. He cited the factors in choosing a career e. g. , when one is confused in choosing a career, he relies on his friends and relatives, he was confused in the sense that he cannot make his own decision because hes not yet ready to get into a college.External factor such as parents choice of what course their child to study, this affect s the childs interest to study, they may go to school but its for compliance because they are not interested on the course they are studying. He further noted out that decision-making is a continuous act in which individuals will change their courses of career action, generally by leaving an environment such as when a student is dis-oriented in his course he have been taking that will result in decreasing eagerness on that particular field.He decides to transfer in another school or to stagger another course that he thinks it will fits his own interest. Another is, when one is unstable in making decision, these dis oriented strategy may be repeated until he achieve a bachelor story but it took a long time which is supposed to achieve in four years. Based on Ap- apaway (Official Student Publication of MPSPC Main Campus) Bachelor of Science in Criminology in MPSPC Bontoc campus, the course has the highest population in the institution highest number of enrollees contributing 37.63 percentage of the total population of the institution, a total of 1,519 criminology students.The department has increase its population by 8. 29% from 1,393 of the previous semester SY 2013-2014 and being the highest number of enrollees it has also the highest number of graduates during graduation, even on October, end month of the first semester there are not less than 100 student s who take their practicum, termed as criminology internship. According to its population it is the most preferred course of student of the Mountain Province and other close province who came to study here.As mandated by CHED (CMO no. 37 series of 2010) normally the course takes 4 years to complete. On the job training/ internship takes 1 semester or 540 hours. Graduating students are required to take practicum for 1 semester on the fourth year of the program. It is designed to provide practical experience for graduating students to work on the five pillars of the poisonous justice system. During these periods, the students taking practicum are allowed to observe and assist, but not to perform actual operations that may compromise their safety.Conceptual Framework This study researches on the three basic factors that affect the students who arent able to finish the four years duration of the course. Career preference as previously explained is one major factor which affects the pe rformance of the student, the selection of course to study rather than other course, the students should enroll the course they prefer because they are the only one which is aware of their capabilities and what profession they want to have in the future as their life-long activity.Some students choose to enroll the course because they are interested but they are not good in acting the activities and requirements of some subjects of the course, which will affect the students interest to continue their study. Some students thought criminology is very interesting but as they start to study they found out the hardship of some subjects and they will tend to ramble the subject and enroll it to the next semester or summer which will make the time of studying longer.Economically, parents tends to let their child to stop studying for a while or let them shift into another course if they came into a point that they no longer afford to pay the course fees. In the other hand, attitude of the student a prime factor on the cause of not finishing the course in the allotted duration, it affects how the students behaves and perform required activities. In this study it conceptualized that the student can overcome the factors affecting the problem. The college call for effective, competent and full time instructors that can balance the applications of some subjects.The course can be understand more if we have adequate facilities and equipment in the institution, especially in our department it must require that all faculty members be actively involved in criminology research in their respective field of interest in order to deliver enriched learning through their practice. Statement of the Problem This study aims to help criminology students to finish the study on the allotted duration of the course. Specifically the study seeks to answer the following questions 1. What are the practical actions of the students that they can do that may lessen the effects of the factors af fecting the problem?1. 1 Can the students rid of the factors affecting the problem? 2. Scope and delimitation of the study Importance of the study Operational definitions of terms Career-a job or occupation regarded as a long-term or lifelong activity, the general path or progress taken by somebody where he is trained in a particular occupation in preparing for his entire working life. Preference- the selection of something rather than other choices, its the power to choose on what you desire or what is desirable in your part. Socioeconomic- relating to or involving economic and social factors

Buyer Behaviour and Integrated Marketing Communication-Starbucks goes Literature review

Buyer Behaviour and Integrated Marketing Communication-Starbucks goes to India - belles-lettres review ExampleTo go ahead with this task, a detailed customer profile is required depending on the targeted segments because in general, as a long term strategy, customers are segmented based on their demographics, merchandising habits etc. India is the largest democracy and has the distinction of having population levels second only to China. Present youth profile gives a egest impression that the youth of the day believes in hanging out with the friend circle after a day-long school/ college/ work. The burgeoning IT-enabled services sector, outsourcing, and the call center phenomenon is giving plenty of opportunities as well as a good amount of spare bucks to spend, to the youth of the day. Call centers have been one of the growth triggers as furthermost as an increase in coffee consumption is concerned. Earlier a coffee houses customer was particular to individuals who worked daytim e hours, but no more, now we have the nightlife as well in coffee houses, sacredly followed by the neo-rich group of professionals who work a night-time shift. Need for a venue to socialize with another(prenominal)s of their age who address their interests comes in handy for a coffee house. Besides the youth, other working class and couples can also be a target market for Starbucks in India. There are competitors like Barista, coffee shop Coffee, Cafe Mocha etc. And some of these brands do have a good international presence as well. Having well familiarized themselves with the Indian terrain and coffee habits, these brands will prove to be a force to see with. Moreover, at times, for a change, the customer in India relishes to enter a coffee house and look for beverages other than coffee and some other eatables. Therefore Starbucks needs to plan its strategy accordingly. Maybe it can figure of having a tie-up with some other established brands like Pepsi, Coke etc. for the pr esence of their products in spite of appearance its premises. Company-operated retail stores accounted for approximately 84% of net revenues during fiscal 2004.

Compare two Member States participation and representation in the Research Paper

Compare two Member States enfolding and representation in the European Parliament. Questions to answer are on Details section - Research reputation ExampleMy countries of choice are Czech Republic and Belgium. The choice for comparison of the two European constituent states is because of their variance in entry period. Belgium is one of the founding nations having been present during the formation in 1952, while Czech came much later in 2004. Czech Republic is a young nation formed in 1993 after the split of Czechoslovakia. Belgium became independent in 1830. The time of independence is quite different for the two nations and could redeem also influenced the social-political and economical development for each nation.The political structure for the two nations also varies. Belgium is a federal state and its political system is based on parliamentary democracy under a positive monarchy as the head of state. The government is further divided into the regional government and comm unity government. The kings hold the executive director powers, while the prime minister is the head of government and cabinet. The prime minister is appointed by the monarch. The federal parliament has two chambers the House of Representatives and the senate (The Belgian House of Representatives and Senate, 2004). Czech Republic on the early(a) hand is a parliamentary democracy with separate legislative, executive and judicial powers. The parliament consists of the chamber of deputies and the senate. distant Belgium, the government is a presidential system whereby the president is elected on a five course of study term. It also has a prime minister appointed by the president (Prokop, 2010).The European parliament comprises of 24 representatives who are elected from Belgium. Proportional representation is applied in the electoral system. In this election (European parliament), Belgium comprises of trey electoral districts. The system used is referred to as dHondt formula and th ere is no limitation for the representation. after the election, people are still given the chance to overrule the party ruling candidates (European Election Database, n.d.).